General Working Principle of Vehicle

General Working Principle of Vehicle



The general working principle of a vehicle can be described as follows:

1.Cranking of Vehicle:

 The driver turns the ignition key, and the battery supplies the current to the starter motor. The starter motor turns the flywheel and the crankshaft, which are interconnected.


2.Starting of Engine:

As the crankshaft rotated, air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder and is compressed by the piston. Then, the spark plug ignites this mixture and the pressure that is subsequently generated during combustion drives the piston towards the bottom of the cylinder. The motion of the piston is transferred to the crankshaft, causing it to rotate. This action is repeated over and over again which results in engine running continuously.


3.Transmission of Engine Power to Wheel:

The driver presses the clutch, which connects the crankshaft to the transmission. The driver shifts the gear shift lever into the suitable gear (i.e from neutral to low speed gear) and the power is transmitted to the wheels. When the wheel is rotated, it pushes back the ground and the reaction being equal and opposite in direction, the vehicle starts moving forward. The pushing force or the driving thrust is subjected to the turning moment or the torque applied at the wheels. The greater the torque at the wheels, greater is the driving  thrust and faster speeds can be achieved in the minimum time. The speed of the vehicle after the start is controlled by means of accelerator.


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